crinkly（柑橘鳞皮病毒病有哪些症状）

本文目录

• 柑橘鳞皮病毒病有哪些症状
• 真的有《挪得之书》吗吸血鬼的圣书
• 柑橘叶皱病毒病有哪些症状
• 柑橘叶皱病毒病的理化性质是什么
• All of his 1905papers unraveled problems being worked on,这里的being是什么用法
• 求翻译高手这是一段关于Nina Ricci这个时装品牌在2011巴黎秋冬时装周秀场的一个相关描述
• 卷曲的用英语怎么说

柑橘鳞皮病毒病有哪些症状

柑橘鳞皮病毒病：由于叶片症状的相似和具有嫁接传播性，曾与胶囊病（concavegum）、瞎囊病（blindpocket）、皱叶病（crinklyleaf）、侵染性杂色花叶病（infectiousvariegation）、鸡冠皮病（cristacortis）和石果病（impietratura）归为同一类群的病害。后来，研究表明皱叶病和侵染性杂色花叶病是由另一种病毒引起的。胶囊病、瞎囊病、鸡冠皮病和石果病则病原尚未明确，其中，胶囊病和瞎囊病倾向性认为是一种病害的不同名称。

鳞皮病有两种类型：A型鳞皮病（psrosisA）和B型鳞皮病（psrosisB）。B型鳞皮病又称环斑病（ringspot）。

A型鳞皮病引起甜橙和葡萄柚主干和主枝树皮鳞片状开裂、剥落，木质部充胶；从横切面观察，充胶部呈不规则环状。B型鳞皮病的主干和主枝树皮症状更严重，扩展快，树皮大片开裂、剥落，枝条上有隆起、木栓化、充胶的病斑。叶片症状为分布不均匀的叶脉褪绿斑纹。在嫩叶接近充分生长时，症状明显；叶片老化后，A型鳞皮病症状消失，而B型鳞皮病症状不消失。B型鳞皮病有时在果皮上亦引起褪绿斑。

真的有《挪得之书》吗吸血鬼的圣书

摘引一段，如果你有兴趣的话：
I cannot tell you the naked fear I feel, putting down these words for once and for all. Perhaps I will regret them. Perhaps they will never see print. Yet, it is my nature to report this. It is, as they say, in the blood.
My sire, and his sire before him, followed this great and glorious work. Indeed, our very nature has been shaped by this quest; we are unable to stop searching for knowledge. We are of the Mnemosyne, the Memory-Seekers. Specifically, we have been commanded to search for the Book, the tome of all Kindred lore, which is a collection of writings by Caine, his childer and his grandchilder. It is this Book, supposedly first written in the land of Nod, east of Eden, that captures our daytime nightmares and makes every night a painful journey from ignorance towards truth.
Still, I savor every moment of my unlife. I savor the feeling of the crinkly old skins through silk gloves, turning them page by page. My hands shake with pleasure while holding soft, cool lights and reading ink that was newly dried when Charlemagne was young. I savor the gentle, quiet terror of reading cuneiform tablets that threaten to crumble at my very presence. More than that, perhaps more than immortality itself, is the quest that burns within me. It is the search. I have traveled all over this world, perhaps even more than any other of my bloodline.
Where my eternal quest takes me, I shall know no fear! Though small of frame and frail of body, my heart is strong and my blood stronger. I am not afraid to go to those shadowy places where the far-flung fragments of our Father’s teachings lie resting!
I have gotten lost in the raw brutality of New York, sipped tea with the Governor of Kingston, made life-long enemies in Johannesburg, hired the best diggers in all Cairo, fought to get through to Casablanca, learned about ancient steel and ancient monuments in Toledo, dug in the white cliffs of Dover, barely avoided a deadly brawl in Dublin, sneaked past watchful eyes in Brest, and liberated ancient tomes from a monastery in Cologne. I have saved fourteen sacred scrolls from the torch in Berlin, sipped the best coffee and talked to the greatest Austrian scholars in Vienna, learned ancient Sumerian from a Methuselah in the hidden tunnels under the University of Prague, and braved the coldest winters Oslo had to offer.

柑橘叶皱病毒病有哪些症状

柑橘叶皱病毒病（Citrusleatrugose）：和柑橘杂色花叶病毒病Citrusvariegation、柑橘皱叶病毒病（Citruscrinklyleaf）是由同一类型病毒引起的病害。

柑橘皱叶病毒病的病状较杂色花叶病轻和，柑橘叶皱病毒病的症状更不明显，它引起柠檬叶片出现稍透明的斑点和墨西哥来檬叶片起皱折。这三种病害在甜橙和宽皮柑橘上，症状不明显，往往仅在少量嫩叶上显症状。柑橘杂色花叶病毒病症状在柠檬、酸橙、香橼和葡萄柚上比较明显，叶片凹凸不平，并有黄绿相间的斑纹。

柑橘叶皱病毒病的理化性质是什么

病毒名称：柑橘皱叶病毒Citrusleafrugosevirus（CiLRV）。

分类地位：等轴不稳环斑病毒属Ilarvirus，雀麦花叶病毒科Bromoviridae。在国际病毒分类委员会（ICTV）中的编码为00.010.0.02.006。

病毒异名：柑橘皱叶病毒（Citruscrinklyleafvirus）。

病毒提纯：病株组织在6倍体积冷冻过的0.02mol/L（pH8.0）磷酸缓冲液（含5%蔗糖，0.3%2-巯基乙醇酸）匀浆5min后，加入10%正丁醇-氯仿（1∶1），搅动30min后在40℃下10000r/min，离心15min。再将上清液在40℃下110000r/min高速离心90min，然后将沉淀用0.02mol/L（pH7.8）的磷酸缓冲液进行悬浮。最后通过多次差速离心进一步纯化。

病毒理化特性：

①病毒粒子。多面体、球状，直径26～32nm，分别约为32.2nm（NP1）、31.3nm（NP2）、26.3nm（NP3）和24.8nm（NP4）。（Gonsalves&Garnsey，1976）。沉降系数分别为105S（NP1）、98S（NP2）、89S（NP3）、79S（NP4）。等电点pH4.4和5.0。

②核酸。单链RNA，四组分，分子质量分别为1.1*106（RNA1），1.0*106（RNA2），0.7*106（RNA3），0.3*106（RNA4）。

③蛋白。单一组分，分子质量26ku。

其他：柑橘杂色病毒同苹果花叶病毒有许多特性相似，但从生物学和血清学都易区别开。柑橘杂色病毒在Mexican柠檬上不产生粗缩症，而本病毒在枸橼上不引起严重扭曲和杂色纹，在菜豆和豇豆上局部坏死症，而柑橘杂色病毒都引起系统症。两病毒的核蛋白组分的纵剖面图也不同：本病毒的NP4组分多，NP1和NP2少。两病毒的核酸种类也有差异。同样，本病毒同图拉苹果花叶病毒在生物和物化特性方面也有同上类似的差别。图拉苹果花叶病毒在黄瓜上为局部褪绿斑，千日红脉带，烟草局部坏死和休克症，而本病毒不侵染。图拉苹果花叶病毒不稳定，其核蛋白组分的沉淀图也与本病毒的不同。

All of his 1905papers unraveled problems being worked on,这里的being是什么用法

你所的内容应该只是句子的一部分。而且，这确实只是个【结构】，不是句子！
也就是说，原文中没有采用句子的形式和结构来表达。
另外，如果替换为句子，也不能用【is】，因为主题名词是复数概念。
其中，结构和关系如下：
【All of his 1905papers unraveled problems 名词部分】 【being worked on,v-ing被动式，修饰前面的名词】
整体构成【独立结构】。可以替换为【介词with的复合结构】来理解——
【With 介词】【all of his 1905 papers unraveled problems宾语】【 being worked on宾补】
如果替换为句子，则需要在后面添加内容才成立。从句部分是——
As 【all of his 1905papers unraveled problems】【are being worked on】。

附原文。原内容见【】。
Was Einstein a Space Alien?
One hundred years ago, Albert Einstein revolutionized physics.
March 23, 2005: Albert Einstein was exhausted. For the third night in a row, his baby son Hans, crying, kept the household awake until dawn. When Albert finally dozed off … it was time to get up and go to work. He couldn’;t skip a day. He needed the job to support his young family.
Walking briskly to the Patent Office where he was a “Technical Expert, Third Class,“ Albert worried about his parents. They were getting older and frail, and his relations with them were strained: they didn’;t approve of his marriage to Mileva.... Albert glanced at a passing shop window. His hair was a mess; he had forgotten to comb it again.
Work. Family. Making ends meet. Albert felt all the pressure and responsibility of any young husband and father.
To relax, he revolutionized physics.
: Young Albert Einstein at the patent office.
In 1905, at the age of 26 and four years before he was able to get a job as a professor of physics, Einstein published five of the most important papers in the history of science--all written in his “spare time.“ He proved that atoms and molecules existed. Before 1905, scientists weren’;t sure about that. He argued that light came in little bits (later called “photons“) and thus laid the foundation for quantum mechanics. He described his theory of special relativity: space and time were threads in a common fabric, he proposed, which could be bent, stretched and twisted.
Oh, and by the way, E=mc2.
Before Einstein, the last scientist who had such a creative outburst was Sir Isaac Newton. It happened in 1666 when Newton secluded himself at his mother’;s farm to avoid an outbreak of plague at Cambridge. With nothing better to do, he developed his Theory of Universal Gravitation.
For centuries historians called 1666 Newton’;s annus mirabilis, or “miracle year.“ Now those words have a different meaning: Einstein and 1905. The United Nations has declared 2005 “The World Year of Physics“ to celebrate the 100th anniversary of Einstein’;s annus mirabilis. (Nobel prize winners and other top scientists will meet with the public next month to discuss Einstein’;s work. Would you like to join them?)
Modern pop culture paints Einstein as a bushy-haired superthinker. His ideas, we’;re told, were improbably far ahead of other scientists. He must have come from some other planet--maybe the same one Newton grew up on.
“Einstein was no space alien,“ laughs Harvard University physicist and science historian Peter Galison. “He was a man of his time.“ 【All of his 1905 papers unraveled problems being worked on, with mixed success, by other scientists.】 “If Einstein hadn’;t been born, would have been written in some form, eventually, by others,“ Galison believes.
: Bushy-haired superthinker ... ordinary man ... or both?
What’;s remarkable about 1905 is that a single person authored all five papers, plus the original, irreverent way Einstein came to his conclusions.
For example: the photoelectric effect. This was a puzzle in the early 1900s. When light hits a metal, like zinc, electrons fly off. This can happen only if light comes in little packets concentrated enough to knock an electron loose. A spread-out wave wouldn’;t do the photoelectric trick.
The solution seems simple--light is particulate. Indeed, this is the solution Einstein proposed in 1905 and won the Nobel Prize for in 1921. Other physicists like Max Planck (working on a related problem: blackbody radiation), more senior and experienced than Einstein, were closing in on the answer, but Einstein got there first. Why?
It’;s a question of authority.
“In Einstein’;s day, if you tried to say that light was made of particles, you found yourself disagreeing with physicist James Clerk Maxwell. Nobody wanted to do that,“ says Galison. Maxwell’;s equations were enormously successful, unifying the physics of electricity, magnetism and optics. Maxwell had proved beyond any doubt that light was an electromagnetic wave. Maxwell was an Authority Figure.
Einstein didn’;t give a fig for authority. He didn’;t resist being told what to do, not so much, but he hated being told what was true. Even as a child he was constantly doubting and questioning. “Your mere presence here undermines the class’;s respect for me,“ spat his 7th grade teacher, Dr. Joseph Degenhart. (Degenhart also predicted that Einstein “would never get anywhere in life.“) This character flaw was to be a key ingredient in Einstein’;s discoveries.
: Einstein’;s High School Diploma. Contrary to urban legend, Albert did well in school.
“In 1905,“ notes Galison, “Einstein had just received his Ph.D. He wasn’;t beholden to a thesis advisor or any other authority figure.“ His mind was free to roam accordingly.
In retrospect, Maxwell was right. Light is a wave. But Einstein was right, too. Light is a particle. This bizarre duality baffles Physics 101 students today just as it baffled Einstein in 1905. How can light be both? Einstein had no idea.
That didn’;t slow him down. Disdaining caution, Einstein adopted the intuitive leap as a basic tool. “I believe in intuition and inspiration,“ he wrote in 1931. “At times I feel certain I am right while not knowing the reason.“
Although Einstein’;s five papers were published in a single year, he had been thinking about physics, deeply, since childhood. “Science was dinner-table conversation in the Einstein household,“ explains Galison. Albert’;s father Hermann and uncle Jakob ran a German company making such things as dynamos, arc lamps, light bulbs and telephones. This was high-tech at the turn of the century, “like a Silicon Valley company would be today,“ notes Galison. “Albert’;s interest in science and technology came naturally.“
Einstein’;s parents sometimes took Albert to parties. No babysitter was required: Albert sat on the couch, totally absorbed, quietly doing math problems while others danced around him. Pencil and paper were Albert’;s GameBoy!
He had impressive powers of concentration. Einstein’;s sister, Maja, recalled “...even when there was a lot of noise, he could lie down on the sofa, pick up a pen and paper, precariously balance an inkwell on the backrest and engross himself in a problem so much that the background noise stimulated rather than disturbed him.“
Einstein was clearly intelligent, but not outlandishly more so than his peers. “I have no special talents,“ he claimed, “I am only passionately curious.“ And again: “The contrast between the popular assessment of my powers ... and the reality is simply grotesque.“ Einstein credited his discoveries to imagination and pesky questioning more so than orthodox intelligence.
Later in life, it should be remembered, he struggled mightily to produce a unified field theory, combining gravity with other forces of nature. He failed. Einstein’;s brainpower was not limitless.
Neither was Einstein’;s brain. It was removed without permission by Dr. Thomas Harvey in 1955 when Einstein died. He probably expected to find something extraordinary: Einstein’;s mother Pauline had famously worried that baby Einstein’;s head was lopsided. (Einstein’;s grandmother had a different concern: “Much too fat!“) But Einstein’;s brain looked much like any other, gray, crinkly, and, if anything, a trifle smaller than average.
Detailed studies of Einstein’;s brain are few and recent. In 1985, for instance, Prof. Marian Diamond of UC Berkeley reported an above-average number of glial cells (which nourish neurons) in areas of the left hemisphere thought to control math skills. In 1999, neuroscientist Sandra Witelson reported that Einstein’;s inferior parietal lobe, an area related to mathematical reasoning, was 15% wider than normal. Furthermore, she found, the Slyvian fissure, a groove that normally extends from the front of the brain to the back, did not go all the way in Einstein’;s case. Might this have allowed greater connectivity among different parts of Einstein’;s brain?
No one knows.
Not knowing. It makes some researchers feel uncomfortable. It exhilarated Einstein: “The fairest thing we can experience is the mysterious,“ he said. “It is the fundamental emotion that stands at the cradle of true art and true science.“
It’;s the fundamental emotion that Einstein felt, walking to work, awake with the baby, sitting at the dinner table. Wonder beat exhaustion, every day.
祝你开心如意！

求翻译高手这是一段关于Nina Ricci这个时装品牌在2011巴黎秋冬时装周秀场的一个相关描述

如果你的思绪回到一个半月前，就会想起Nicole Kidman 出席荧屏奖颁奖的服饰非常出众。其海军肩章及低黑色蕾丝露背设计出自Nina Ricci的设计师Peter Copping之手。
Copping两年前就称自己的设计精髓是完美的女人味和不可救药的浪漫并带有一丝时尚的气息，这件就是其代表作。秋季的设计他没有按常理出牌，但是作品似乎出自更自信之手。Copping所设计的服装上了红地毯可能给了他足够信心，但他表示去年秋季作品的超多订单也给了他足够信心。

卷曲的用英语怎么说

• curly卷曲的，卷毛的。形容词。可用于curly hair卷曲的头发
  kinky卷曲的，古怪的。也是形容词。

• 卷曲的：curly
  流行的：popular